:
:                     ALIASES -- 4DOS Sample Alias File
:
:
:     The aliases in this file are designed to give you some examples of
:     how 4DOS aliases can be used and the power they have.  It is not
:     intended to be an exhaustive list, and many of these may not be
:     appropriate for your needs.  But they should give you a feel for how
:     to use aliases to help get your work done.
:
:     CAUTION:  These aliases are EXAMPLES.  We do NOT promise that they
:     will work properly when run on your system.  They are simply intended
:     to show what's possible and give you a feel for how to write your
:     own set of aliases.  You may find some of them useful, but others
:     may fail or have unintended effects when they are run on a system
:     other than the one they were designed for.
:
:     This file is designed to be loaded with an ALIAS /R command, for
:     example:
:
:               alias /r aliases
:
:     You can also load aliases from a batch file, but ALIAS /R is much
:     faster.  See the manual for more details on loading aliases.
:
:     We suggest you put your standard aliases are in a self-contained
:     file like this one which can be invoked from AUTOEXEC.  That
:     way the file can also be re-invoked after it is edited, to re-
:     install the aliases.
:
:
:
:     The next few aliases set up some directory commands that provide
:     shorthand ways to view the directory in several different formats
:     (see the DIR command in the manual for more details).
:
:     Note that none of these aliases has any arguments specified (%1,
:     %2, etc.).  This means that all arguments on the actual command line
:     will be appended to the alias text.  For example:
:
:             d2 x*
:
:     is equivalent to:
:
:             dir /2pv x*
:
:     and:
:
:             d2 x* y* z*
:
:     is equivalent to:
:
:             dir /2pv x* y* z*
:
d2 dir /2pv
de dir /oe
dir *dir /p
wh*ereis dir /dp
:
:     The last two commands above demonstrate the use of an asterisk to
:     terminate alias expansion and to shorten the name of an alias.
:
:     In the first case, if the command were defined as:
:
:             alias dir dir/p
:
:     it would generate an alias loop error.  The inclusion of the "*"
:     makes 4DOS terminate alias expansion for that command, which
:     allows the redefinition of a command with specific switch settings.
:     In this case "dir" is redefined as "dir/p", which will cause
:     directories to be displayed with a pause at the end of each page.
:
:     The "whereis" command demonstrates truncation of an alias name.
:     The * is placed after the last required character in the name, so
:     the "whereis" command can be entered as "wh", "whe", "wher",
:     "where", "wherei", or "whereis".
:
:
:     The following aliases are more shorthand:  DD and DU (directory
:     down and directory up) for pushd and popd, DX (shows only the
:     subdirectorie, L for list, etc.
:
dd pushd
du popd
dx *dir /mwad
l list
clr mode mono
:
:     Aliases can also be used to modify the behavior of some internal
:     commands.  The two examples below show how you can force DELETE and
:     MOVE to prompt before execution.  If you need to use the unprompted
:     command, use the leading asterisk ("*DEL").
del*ete *del /p
move *move /r
:
:
:     The next aliases show how some commands can be enhanced.  Instead of
:     always prompting you for new values, TIME and DATE can simply report
:     the current information.
:
date echo Today is %_dow %_date
time echo The time is %_time
:     Here's what the next few aliases do:
:
:             more:   Uses 4DOS's LIST /S as a substitute for the DOS MORE
:                     command.  Note the use of the * to allow the command
:                     to be entered as MO, MOR, or MORE
:             sdel:   Allows you to select files for deletion from a subset
:                     of files as specified in the command argument.  For
:                     example:
:
:                             sdel *.obj
:
:                     will allow you to select files to delete from a list
:                     of all .obj files.  (See the SELECT command in the
:                     manual for more details).
:
:             up:     Moves "up" in the directory tree, i.e. to the parent
:                     directory.
:
:             ov:     Moves "over" in the directory tree, to another subdi-
:                     rectory which has the same parent as the current
:                     directory.
:
mo*re list /s
sdel select del (%1)
up cd ..
ov cd ..\%1
:
:     The next two aliases show how arguments can be passed to commands.
:     In both cases the argument given when the alias is invoked is passed
:     to the program at the appropriate place in its command string.
:
:
lp lpr -u %1 >lpt1
ps d:\peri\ps /t:%1 /e:4
:
:     The next few aliases demonstrate several things.  Some use the
:     command separator character ^ to include multiple commands in
:     the alias.  ND2 uses the "&&" (AND) operator so that the second
:     command is only executed if the first was succcessful.  The last
:     two (PC and BACK) use the alias called IN to do their job.  In
:     fact IN was designed for "internal" use by other aliases in this
:     file, though it could be used elsewhere as well.  Note that, while
:     PX is set up before it is referenced in other aliases, this is not
:     really necessary, because any command in one alias which refers to
:     another is handled when the alias is invoked, not when it is set
:     up with the alias command.
:
:     Here's what each alias does:
:
:             nd:     Creates a new directory below the current directory,
:                     then changes to it.
:
:             nd2:    Attempts to creates the specified directory on any
:                     drive, then changes to it if the creation was
:                     successful.
:
:             w:      Saves the current directory, changes to the ws
:                     directory on drive c:, runs the ws program using
:                     the first argument on the command line, and
:                     restores the original directory when done.
:
:             zap:    Deletes all the .bak files in the current directory,
:                     then does a wide directory listing.
:
:             in:     "Pushes" a different directory, executes a command,
:                     including all of the arguments on the command line,
:                     and then goes back to the original directory.  See
:                     PUSHD, POPD, and Alias Parameters in the manual for
:                     more details.
:
:             pc:     Changes to the \comm directory on drive c:, runs
:                     the program called pcomm, then returns to the
:                     drive and directory in use when the command was
:                     executed.
:
:             back:   Changes to the \backup directory on drive d:, runs
:                     the program called tape, then returns to the previous
:                     drive and directory.
:
nd md %1^cd %1
nd2 md %1 && *cdd %1
w pushd c:\wp^ws %1^popd
zap del *.bak^dir /w
in pushd %1^%2&^popd
pc in c:\comm pcomm
back in d:\backup tape
:
:     The following aliases make use of the %& argument.  This argument
:     means "all of the arguments on the command line".  For example:
:
:             zap2 *.bak *.lst *.bk!
:
:     expands to:
:
:             erase *.bak *.lst *.bk!^chkdsk^dir /w
:
:     The last of the three aliases below uses the %@eval function to
:     create a command-line calculator, by simply passing all arguments
:     on the command line to the function.
:
zap2 erase %&^chkdsk^dir /w
ed edit %&^del *.bak
cal*c echo The answer is:  %@eval[%&]
:
:     The following two aliases, taken from the manual, show how to 
:     combine alias with keystack to invoke a program and pass parameters
:     to it.  See the manual for details on what they do.  Note that the
:     0s in the keystack strings simulate an empty keyboard buffer; the
:     13s are carriage returns.
:
321 keystack 0 13 0 13 0 13 0 13 0 13 "/fr" 0 "%1" 13^123
drpt pushd c:\data^keystack "use times index times" 13 "report form timerep to print" 13 "quit" 13^dbase^popd
:
:
:     The following aliases show the use of IFF in aliases.  The first
:     redefines SET so that it displays the environment variables with a
:     /P if no parameters are given, or processes the SET if parameters
:     are specified.  The second checks whether the argument is a directory;
:     if so it deletes the files in the directory and then removes the
:     directory.  If not, it gives an error message.
:
set iff "%1"=="" then ^ *set /p ^ else *set %& ^ endiff
zap iff isdir %1 then ^ *del %1 ^ *rd %1 ^ else ^ beep ^ echo Not a directory! ^ endiff
:
:     You can also assign any alias to a keystroke to save a lot of typing.
:     Check your manual for the proper way to express keynames.
:
:     The following examples reassign the following keys:
:
:	    F5:        wide directory
:           Ctrl-F1    clear screen
:           Shift-F10: "EXIT" + ENTER  (useful then "shelling out")
:           Alt-F1:    invokes another HELP program
:
@f5 dir /w
@Ctrl-F1 cls
@shift-f10 exit r
@alt-f1 c:\dos\help

